Death, dying, and funerals · Question 5

Aren't strong painkillers and palliative sedation just euthanasia that hurries death along?

Watercolor of a lamb resting with medicine that eases pain and with warm care

The question: “If medicine for pain might cloud someone's consciousness or shorten their life, shouldn't it be left alone?”

The Church's answer: Relieving pain is not giving up on a patient; it is an important part of caring for one. The Church accepts pain treatment used appropriately to lessen suffering, so long as death is made neither the goal nor the means. When there is a serious clinical reason in a patient close to death, palliative sedation carried out with the patient's consent and according to medical standards can also be morally permissible. Foreseeing a risk and directly intending death are not the same thing.

But if the direct purpose of giving the medicine is to kill the patient, that is euthanasia and it can never be permitted. Neither may a dying person's consciousness be taken away without a serious reason. Wherever it is possible, the medical team, the family, and the pastor prepare together so that the patient first has the chance to be reconciled with the family, to say what they want to say, and to receive prayer and the sacraments. Which medicine, how much, and when must always be judged by qualified medical staff according to the patient's condition.

If they press further: “Does enduring the pain make you holier?” — a prayer that hands one's own pain over to God can be precious, but no one may press another person to endure pain that can be treated. The Church teaches that the pain of children especially, and of patients who cannot easily express themselves, should be relieved as far as possible.

In one sentence: “Appropriate pain relief and palliative sedation meant to lessen suffering, not to kill, are a different thing from euthanasia. Respect the medical team's professional judgment and the patient's consent, and never directly intend death.”